Guinea pigs, also known as cavies, are wonderful companions – but sometimes new owners find themselves with a surprise: a sow (female guinea pig) who might already be pregnant. This situation is especially common when taking in rescues or rehomed guinea pigs.
Pregnancy in guinea pigs carries unique challenges and risks, so it’s important to know how to spot the signs early and how best to care for your sow.
Signs Your Guinea Pig Might Be Pregnant
Guinea pigs don’t show pregnancy as quickly as some animals, and it can be tricky to tell in the early stages. However, there are a few signs to look out for:
- Weight gain: A gradual increase in weight is one of the earliest indicators. You can track this by weighing your guinea pig regularly.
- Body shape: Pregnant sows often take on a pear-shaped appearance, looking wider at the back.
- Movement: In the later weeks, you may feel (or even see) babies moving when your hand gently rests on her side.
- Behaviour changes: Some sows may become quieter or eat more than usual.
For a helpful reference, see the RSPCA’s guinea pig care guide: https://www.rspca.org.uk/adviceandwelfare/pets/rodents/guineapigs
Why It’s Important to Confirm Pregnancy with a Vet
Because pregnancy can carry risks, it’s always best to confirm with a cavy-savvy vet. Sows are most at risk if they are bred too young (before 4 months) or too old (over 7–8 months for a first litter). Complications such as dystocia (difficult birth) are sadly not uncommon.
A vet can:
- Confirm pregnancy safely (without unnecessary stress).
- Advise you on diet and care tailored to your sow.
- Be on standby if complications arise during birth.
Find a local vet experienced with guinea pigs through the Rabbit Welfare Association & Fund’s vet directory: https://rabbitwelfare.co.uk/rabbit-care-advice/rabbit-friendly-vets/
(many listed vets are also guinea pig knowledgeable).
Caring for a Pregnant Guinea Pig
If your guinea pig is pregnant, good nutrition and a calm environment are key.
Diet:
- Unlimited fresh hay (timothy, meadow, or soft grass hay).
- A variety of forage and leafy greens to provide essential vitamins.
- A small daily portion of good-quality guinea pig pellets fortified with vitamin C.
- Extra vitamin C support is important, as guinea pigs cannot produce it themselves.
You can browse a wide range of natural forage to support pregnancy and nursing here: https://www.guineagourmettreats.co.uk
Environment:
- Keep her cage calm and quiet.
- Avoid excessive handling, especially around the belly.
- Provide soft bedding (paper-based or fleece).
Housing:
- If she’s housed with a boar, separate him immediately. Male babies can be fertile as young as 3 weeks old, so timing is critical later on too.
- Other female companions are usually fine, as guinea pigs are social animals and often appreciate company.
For more on guinea pig housing standards, see the RSPCA housing guide: https://www.rspca.org.uk/adviceandwelfare/pets/rodents/guineapigs/environment
Preparing for Birth
Most guinea pig pregnancies last around 59–72 days. As the due date approaches:
- You may notice her pelvic bones separating – a sign birth could be within a few days.
- Keep the cage clean, quiet, and well-stocked with hay.
- Avoid interfering during labour unless absolutely necessary.
- If labour is prolonged (over 20 minutes per pup) or your sow shows signs of distress, call your vet immediately.
After the Babies Arrive
- Guinea pig pups are born fully furred, with open eyes, and able to eat solid food straight away, though they will nurse too.
- Weigh pups daily to ensure they are gaining weight.
- Separate male pups at 3 weeks to prevent accidental breeding.
For further detailed pregnancy and pup care advice, visit:
Guinea Lynx pregnancy guide: https://www.guinealynx.info/reproduction.html
PDSA guinea pig advice: https://www.pdsa.org.uk/pet-help-and-advice/looking-after-your-pet/small-pets/guinea-pigs
Final Thoughts
Caring for a pregnant guinea pig can feel overwhelming, but with the right diet, environment, and veterinary support, you’ll give your sow and her pups the best chance at a safe and healthy outcome.
If you’d like to provide extra natural nutrition for your guinea pig, explore our seasonal forage mixes and handmade treats at https://www.guineagourmettreats.co.uk– every bag is rooted in rescue knowledge and carefully foraged with small pets in mind.
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